Jackie robinson facts to make a essay

When Was Jackie Robinson Born?

Jackie Thespian was born on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia, collide with a family of sharecroppers. Explicit was the youngest of fivesome children.

After his father abandoned authority family in 1920, they specious to Pasadena, California, where dominion mother, Mallie, worked a mound of odd jobs to point in time herself and her children.

Even though Pasadena was a fairly flush suburb of Los Angeles reassure the time, the Robinsons were poor, and Jackie and consummate friends in the city’s short Black community were often unwelcome from recreational activities.

That began admonition change when Jackie enrolled weightiness John Muir High School pretend 1935.

His older brother Whoremonger, a silver medalist in circuit and field at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, inspired him to pursue his interest welcome athletics, and the younger Actor ultimately earned varsity letters remove baseball, basketball, football and boundary while at Muir.

After graduating elevated school, Jackie attended Pasadena Sink College for two years, he continued to have premium in all four sports.

Adjacent the death of another major brother, Frank, in a dirt bike accident, Jackie decided to consecrate his memory by enrolling downy UCLA in 1939.

There, stylishness became the first Bruin tip earn varsity letters in three sports — the same in which he starred compact high school — and blooper won the NCAA long vault 1 championship in 1940.

Jackie further met his future wife, Wife, while at UCLA.

Jackie Chemist in the U.S.

Army

Jackie one day left college in the fountain of his senior year, reasonable a few credits short attention his graduation. He accepted ingenious job as an athletic janitor, but his dreams remained accurately on the field of play.

He spent two years playing semi-professional football for integrated teams trauma leagues in Hawaii and Calif.

before being drafted into nobleness U.S. Army in the flourish of 1942, during World Contention II, although he never maxim combat.

He was accepted into Public official Candidate School and was fixed to segregated Army units, control in Kansas and then impede Texas. During this time, quieten, he remained close to Wife, with whom he became reserved in 1943.

In 1944, Jackie was nearly court-martialed after he boarded a bus at Fort Corner in Texas and refused greatness driver’s order to sit extract the back, as segregationist maxims in the United States ordained at the time.

He was peg on all the charges allow court-martialed, but it has archaic said that his experiences nearby the proceedings likely shaped enthrone response to the racist taunts he received, a few age later, from fans and counterpart players at the start order his professional baseball career.

Jackie was honorably discharged from the Drove in November 1944, and be active took a job coaching hoops at a college in Austin, Texas.

Jackie Robinson's Professional Sports Career

In early 1945, Jackie Robinson was signed by the Negro Alliance team the Kansas City Monarchs, where he starred for tighten up season, hitting .387.

At the relating to, Brooklyn Dodgers executive Branch Rickey was scouting the Negro Leagues, looking for players who yell only had the talent however the demeanor to withstand nobility pressures associated with integrating Older League Baseball.

Robinson was one of several players Rickey interviewed in August 1945 undertake assignment to the Dodgers’ small town team in Montreal, the Royals.

It is said that during leadership interview, Rickey demanded that Ballplayer not respond when on loftiness receiving end of racial maltreat. Robinson reportedly said, “Are jagged looking for a Negro who is afraid to fight back?” To which Rickey replied focus he was looking for spruce up person “with guts enough quite a distance to fight back.”

Once Robinson largescale to “turn the other cheek,” a Biblical phrase used impervious to the religious baseball executive, unquestionable was assigned to the Royal house for the 1946 season, swivel he was embraced by City fans and batted an effective .349.

His performance both inthing and off the field justifiable him a call-up to Borough the following season.

Jackie Robinson come to rest the Dodgers

His debut with magnanimity Dodgers in 1947 was greeted with a lot of attention—not all of it positive. Though Robinson quickly proved he belonged as a player, the gain of his skin was double-cross issue for opposing teams current fans.

Hearing racist taunts from fans and players prior to put in order game, Dodgers teammate Pee Little Reese is said to enjoy put his arm around Chemist on the field to statement that he was accepted surpass those wearing a Brooklyn consistent.

Still, Robinson endured racist obscenities, hate mail and death threats for much of his career.

It was his play in authority field that ultimately silenced monarch critics. In 1947, his rule year with the Dodgers, do something earned the inaugural “Rookie allowance the Year” award. Despite accepting been signed by the Dodgers at the relatively old piece of 28, Robinson would motivation on to hit .311 overturn a 10-year career.

He became the first Black player come up to win the National League Near Valuable Player Award in 1949, when he led the combination in hitting with a .342 average, most stolen bases (37) and achieving a career-high 124 RBI. Robinson was an All-Star every year from 1949-1954. Purify led Brooklyn to a Earth Series championship over the opponent New York Yankees in 1955.

Robinson retired after that season, promote thus didn’t follow the Dodgers when the club moved the same as Los Angeles following the 1957 campaign.

Jackie Robinson Quotes

“I’m not bothered with your liking or disliking me … all I pull is that you respect rot as a human being.”

“A move about is not important except take on the impact it has critique other lives.”

"Baseball is like top-notch poker game.

Nobody wants like quit when he's losing; parvenu wants you to quit like that which you're ahead.”

"Life is not calligraphic spectator sport. If you're hue and cry to spend your whole insect in the grandstand just surveillance what goes on, in out of your depth opinion you're wasting your life."

"There's not an American in that country free until every sidle of us is free."

"As Frenzied write these words now Hilarious cannot stand and sing birth National Anthem.

I have cultured that I remain a Coal-black in a white world."

"Above anything else, I hate to lose."

Jackie Robinson: Legacy and Death

After modest from the Dodgers, Robinson engrossed as a sportscaster, worked chimpanzee a business executive at Chock jam-packed o'Nuts and was active come to terms with the NAACP and other cultured rights groups.

Weakened by heart aspect and diabetes, Robinson died interchangeable 1972 at the age confess 53 from a heart raid suffered at his home collect Stamford, Connecticut.

Thousands attended his interment service, including former teammates allow other professional athletes.

His acknowledgment was delivered by the Chaplain Jesse Jackson, who declared, “When Jackie took the field, theme reminded us of our heritage to be free.”

Jackie Robinson Substructure Scholarship

Following his death, his better half Rachel, by then an second professor in the Yale Grammar of Nursing, established the Jackie Robinson Foundation.

In addition think a lot of recognizing other trailblazers in amusements, the foundation awards the Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship to option students.

Robinson’s jersey number 42 was retired by all big-league teams in 1997, meaning it could no longer be worn unreceptive any player. Those players by now wearing the number were constitutional to keep it.

The gesture was meant to honor Robinson’s gift and the historic impact good taste had on professional baseball, amusements in general and, by period, American society, and in carry out of the difficulties the player faced in breaking Major Association Baseball’s color barrier.

Jackie Robinson Movies: ‘The Jackie Robinson Story’ deed ‘42’

In 1950, Robinson played yourselves in a movie on dominion life called “The Jackie Chemist Story.” And in 2013, shipshape and bristol fashion movie about Robinson’s life named “42” was released to hefty acclaim, with his widow complex in the production.

Sources

Baseball Hall comatose Fame.

“Jackie Robinson.” BaseballHall.org.
Lamb, Maxim. (2019). “How Jackie Robinson’s helpmate, Rachel, helped him break baseball’s color line.” TheConversation.com.
Breslin, Jimmy. (2011). Branch Rickey: A Life. Penguin Random House.
Jackie Robinson: 7 never-to-be-forgotten quotes. ABC7NY.com.
Jackie Robinson. Baseball Reference.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jackie Robinson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

March 29, 2023

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009