Schierbeek leeuwenhoek biography

Leeuwenhoek, Antoni van

1. Dates
Born: Delft, 24 Oct.
Died: Delft, 26 August
Dateinfo: Dates Certain
Lifespan: 91
2. Father
Occupation: Artisan
Philips Thomiszoon Leeuwenhoek, precise basketmaker, that is, an help.

One source says that high-mindedness father belonged to the loaded middle class of artisans, brewers, and public officials. I don't find this enough to share any estimate of his commercial condition.
The father died what because Antoni was five or tremor.
3. Nationality
Birth: Dutch
Career: Land
Death: Dutch
4.

Education

Schooling: Rebuff University
No university education. Inaccuracy was apprenticed to a fabric merchant at sixteen, and individual became a shopkeeper in Delft in , before he was twenty-two.
5. Religion
Affiliation: Calvinist. Of course was baptized and buried predicament Calvinist churches, and his specially wife was the daughter slant the Calvinist minister.

6. Accurate Disciplines
Primary: Microscopy, Entomology, Embryology
Subordinate: Botany, Zoology, Anatomy
He began grinding lenses and observing remark
7. Means of Support
Primary: Store owner, Government, Personal Means
He stressed up as a draper principal Delft before he was .22, and apparently he maintained wreath shop most of the chase away of his life.

Rooseboom (in Schierbeek) thinks that he might have inherited money from potentate mother's family and closed snatch the business.

In he was appointed Usher to the Aldermen of Delft; he continued designate draw this salary (originally guilders) until his death. In explicit became further surveyor to significance court of Holland.

He elongated in the service of Delft in various capacities (many utilizing his ability in mathematics) perfect his life, and in top old age he received orderly pension from the city. Near of the authorities agree pretend treating these positions as sinecures bestowed on Leeuwenhoek by rank city magistrates; however, Rooseboom does not treat them as sinecures, but as real positions 1 real (though modest) remuneration-- apophthegm guilders per year when communal are added up.

She does agree that some of probity positions were sinecures, possibly derivation from the relation of Leeuwenhoek's first wife to the central circles of Delft.

Rooseboom besides offers evidence that Leeuwenhoek difficult to understand an estate that offered very modest income--perhaps guilders per best. And she finds evidence saunter the estate (probably through aware management) grew.

Leeuwenhoek certainly quick in comfort.

8. Patronage
Type: Magistrates
In addition to the sinecures above, the city, which infamous his scientific achievements, frequently rewarded him upon the publication bring into play books, which he dedicated happening the city administration.

9. Discipline Involvement
Type: Instrumentation
There is thumb question that he developed position capacity to grind powerful lenses (or magnifying glasses), and illegal also designed ingenious appartus get into display specimens before the lenses. Note, however, that he booked his methods secret, so wind he did not leave gauche tradition at all behind him.

He also devised a "counter: which allowed him to spin the number of creatures mend a very small sample sit then to extrapolate by ratios to a larger volume.
Scientific Societies
Membership: Royal Society
Because of his language limitations (he knew only Dutch), Leeuwenhoek stiff in virtual isolation, often careless of what other scientists were doing.

Nevertheless he did persist an extensive correspondence, especially business partner the Royal Society in Writer. His letters were translated shun the Phil Trans into Country and Latin. After Leeuwenhoek in the flesh published Latin translations (obviously troupe his own work) of sovereign letters.

He was elected FRS in The fellowship was easily his greatest pride.

He sum it on his title pages and had it mentioned in reverse his tomb stone.

Sources
  1. G.C.

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    Gerrits, Grote nederlanders bij de opbouw der natuurwetenschapen, (Leiden, ),

  2. C. Dobell, Anthony front Leeuwenhoek and his "Little Animals," (London: Staples Press, ).
  3. Nieuw Nederlandsch Biographisch Woordenboek.
  4. A.

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    Schierbeek, Measuring the Unobtrusive World. The Life and Deeds of Antoni van Leeuwenhoek FRS, (London, ). An English incarnation, shortened, of the original Land. Maria Rooseboom wrote the returns chapter in this book.

Not Unemployed and Not Consulted
  1. A. Schierbeek, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. Zijn leven outspoken zijn werken, 2 vols.

    (Lochem, ).

Compiled by:
Richard S. Westfall
Department of History and Philosophy reduce speed Science
Indiana University

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