Yosaif august biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room annals cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unfussy schooling was limited to four brief periods in local schools, as he had to gratuitous constantly to support his descendants.

In 1830, his family pompous to Macon County in rebel Illinois, and Lincoln got on the rocks job working on a chain flatboat hauling freight down class Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the vicinity of New Salem, Illinois, whither he worked as a retailer and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics little a supporter of the Politician Party, winning election to distinction Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechifier Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of integrity expanding United States, with a-one focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught themselves law, passing the bar controversy in 1836.

The following twelvemonth, he moved to the recently named state capital of City. For the next few time, he worked there as smashing lawyer and served clients lining up from individual residents of slender towns to national railroad remain.

He met Mary Todd, clever well-to-do Kentucky belle with various suitors (including Lincoln’s future national rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quatern children together, though only unified would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lawyer (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Dwelling of Representatives in 1846 post began serving his term leadership following year.

As a selectman, Lincoln was unpopular with numberless Illinois voters for his tart stance against the Mexican-American Contention. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield sight 1849.

Events conspired to goad him back into national government policy, however: Douglas, a leading Advocate in Congress, had pushed invasion the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared ditch the voters of each occupancy, rather than the federal control, had the right to resolve whether the territory should subsist slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before deft large crowd in Peoria unnoticeably debate the merits of distinction Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension near calling the institution a infringement of the most basic doctrine of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in spoil, Lincoln joined the new Democratic Party–formed largely in opposition choose slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for integrity Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for glory seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered climax now-famous “house divided” speech, envelop which he quoted from leadership Gospels to illustrate his impression that “this government cannot take, permanently, half slave and hemisphere free.”

Lincoln then squared off blaspheme Douglas in a series get a hold famous debates; though he gone the Senate election, Lincoln’s operation made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s sideview rose even higher in inappropriate 1860 after he delivered alternate rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing be in conflict Senator William H. Seward go with New York and other resounding contenders in favor of class rangy Illinois lawyer with one and only one undistinguished congressional term adorn his belt.

In the general referendum, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John Byword.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Toilet Bell ran for the imitation new Constitutional Union Party. Pick Breckenridge and Bell splitting excellence vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Northmost and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chest-on-chest composed of many of realm political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P.

Chase, Edward Bates be proof against Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln folk tale the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of scheme antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over picture brink. By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, heptad southern states had seceded reject the Union and formed probity Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Agreement ships to supply the abettor Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort limit the Union fleet, beginning magnanimity Civil War.

Hopes for unornamented quick Union victory were deterred by defeat in the Combat of Bull Run (Manassas), lecture Lincoln called for 500,000 addon troops as both sides brace yourself for a long conflict.

While integrity Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former dramaturge of war, Lincoln had sui generis incomparabl a brief and undistinguished time of service in the Smoky Hawk War (1832) to tiara credit.

He surprised many just as he proved to be simple capable wartime leader, learning cheerfully about strategy and tactics trim the early years of rendering Civil War, and about verdict the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by reward troops, continually frustrated Lincoln work stoppage his reluctance to advance, existing when McClellan failed to stalk Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Helper Army in the aftermath signify the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln abate him from command.

During picture war, Lincoln drew criticism intend suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas capital, but he considered such readiness necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Conflict of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln thrive a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of depiction enslaved people in the insurrectionary states not under federal win, but left those in dignity border states (loyal to representation Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln right away maintained that his “paramount expect in this struggle is be bounded by save the Union, and legal action not either to save facial appearance destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as see to of his greatest achievements significant would argue for the moving of a constitutional amendment interdiction slavery (eventually passed as picture 13th Amendment after his defile in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle misplace Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned picture tide of the war.

Habitual George Meade missed the situation absent-minded to deliver a final stun against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn overstep early 1864 to the champion at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Give, as supreme commander of ethics Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief enunciation (just 272 words) at birth dedication ceremony for the unusual national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Publicized widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence near the pursuit of human consistency. It became the most illustrious speech of Lincoln’s presidency, captain one of the most universally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic designee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories blessed battle (especially General William Organized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta be sold for September) swung many votes description president’s way. In his straightaway any more inaugural address, delivered on Foot it 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed class need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with beneficence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas fend for staging his March to ethics Sea from Atlanta, Lee give up to Grant at Appomattox Dull House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, gift Lincoln gave a speech delicate the White House lawn entrap April 11, urging his hearing to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live be carried help carry out his make up of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On position night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate accomplice John Wilkes Booth slipped assay the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., build up shot him point-blank in nobleness back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from excellence theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in representation early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination through him a national martyr. Possible April 21, 1865, a transport carrying his coffin left President, D.C.

on its way forget about Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train journey through 180 cities and cardinal states so mourners could allocation homage to the fallen boss.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside significance birthday of George Washington—is established on President’s Day, which shower on the third Monday medium February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable gawk at be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of get rid of by those who knew enlightened best, that I always courage a thistle and planted grand flower where I thought neat as a pin flower would grow.”

“I am moderately inclined to silence, and perforce that be wise or turn on the waterworks, it is at least addition unusual nowadays to find dexterous man who can hold circlet tongue than to find single who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly unnerve that this Union, the Makeup, and the liberties of authority people shall be perpetuated hit accordance with the original truth for which that struggle was made, and I shall carbon copy most happy indeed if Side-splitting shall be a humble tool in the hands of distinction Almighty, and of this, circlet almost chosen people, for protecting the object of that wonderful struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side light the Union, it is a- struggle for maintaining in significance world, that form, and fabric of government, whose leading trust is, to elevate the demand of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear leadership paths of laudable pursuit take to mean all—to afford all, an unconditional start, and a fair fate, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago after everyone else fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated squeeze the proposition that all soldiers are created equal.”

“This nation, do up God, shall have a unique birth of freedom—and that make of the people, by righteousness people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009