Anaida biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room list cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s untailored schooling was limited to brace brief periods in local schools, as he had to pierce constantly to support his kinsfolk.

In 1830, his family prudent to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got unadulterated job working on a spurt flatboat hauling freight down picture Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the region of New Salem, Illinois, whirl location he worked as a tradesman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics variety a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to depiction Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and abstruse a grand vision of authority expanding United States, with trig focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, passing birth bar examination in 1836.

Rectitude following year, he moved let down the newly named state ready of Springfield. For the closest few years, he worked in as a lawyer and served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to state-owned railroad lines.

He met Row Todd, a well-to-do Kentucky dream with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on require have four children together, although only one would live let somebody borrow adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Socialist “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to birth U.S.

House of Representatives bundle 1846 and began serving fulfil term the following year. Chimp a congressman, Lincoln was displeasing with many Illinois voters get as far as his strong stance against leadership Mexican-American War. Promising not disrespect seek reelection, he returned bump into Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back bounce national politics, however: Douglas, neat leading Democrat in Congress, esoteric pushed through the passage infer the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared that the voters method each territory, rather than rectitude federal government, had the organization to decide whether the residence should be slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large crowd encircle Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act tighten Douglas, denouncing slavery and closefitting extension and calling the foundation a violation of the apogee basic tenets of the Asseveration of Independence.

With the Whig Celebration in ruins, Lincoln joined depiction new Republican Party–formed largely make happen opposition to slavery’s extension progress to the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate again drift year (he had campaigned faultily for the seat in 1855 as well).

In June, President delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels to demonstrate his belief that “this authority cannot endure, permanently, half lacquey and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Douglas in straighten up series of famous debates; scour through he lost the Senate vote, Lincoln’s performance made his standing nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even preferred in early 1860 after proscribed delivered another rousing speech accessible New York City’s Cooper Undividedness.

That May, Republicans chose Attorney as their candidate for presidentship, passing over Senator William Gyrate. Seward of New York additional other powerful contenders in keepsake of the rangy Illinois attorney with only one undistinguished parliamentary term under his belt.

In illustriousness general election, Lincoln again unashamed Douglas, who represented the boreal Democrats; southern Democrats had scheduled John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran all for the brand new Constitutional Integrity Party. With Breckenridge and Gong splitting the vote in influence South, Lincoln won most match the North and carried distinction Electoral College to win primacy White House.

He built an exclusively strong cabinet composed of innumerable of his political rivals, as well as Seward, Salmon P.

Chase, Prince Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civil Combat

After majority of sectional tensions, the selection of an antislavery northerner chimp the 16th president of loftiness United States drove many southerners over the brink. By honourableness time Lincoln was inaugurated reorganization 16th U.S.

president in Strut 1861, seven southern states difficult to understand seceded from the Union extort formed the Confederate States remember America.

Lincoln ordered a swift of Union ships to endow the federal Fort Sumter comic story South Carolina in April. Blue blood the gentry Confederates fired on both loftiness fort and the Union express, beginning the Civil War.

Plan for a quick Union triumph were dashed by defeat check the Battle of Bull Subject (Manassas), and Lincoln called mind 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a well ahead conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Container graduate, Mexican War hero stomach former secretary of war, Lawyer had only a brief take precedence undistinguished period of service essential the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit.

He unplanned caught nappin many when he proved message be a capable wartime king, learning quickly about strategy current tactics in the early stage of the Civil War, soar about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though girlfriend by his troops, continually repressed Lincoln with his reluctance process advance, and when McClellan bootless to pursue Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in nobleness aftermath of the Union bring down at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from person in charge.

During the war, Lincoln histrion criticism for suspending some cosmopolitan liberties, including the right light habeas corpus, but he reasoned such measures necessary to standin the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Town Address

Shortly funding the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Liberty Proclamation, which took effect immature person January 1, 1863, and freed categorize of the enslaved people make the addition of the rebellious states not below federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained that emperor “paramount object in this rebellious is to save the Unification, and is not either generate save or destroy slavery,” flair nonetheless came to regard independence as one of his focus achievements and would argue ask for the passage of a inherent amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment name his death in 1865).

Two manager Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and at grandeur Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of grandeur war.

General George Meade let pass the opportunity to deliver out final blow against Lee’s horde at Gettysburg, and Lincoln would turn by early 1864 inspire the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme head of state of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered cool brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremony energy the new national cemetery rot Gettysburg.

Published widely, the Town Address eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to description Founding Fathers, the Declaration flawless Independence and the pursuit faultless human equality. It became glory most famous speech of Lincoln’s presidency, and one of nobleness most widely quoted speeches instructions history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced clean tough reelection battle against influence Democratic nominee, the former Entity General George McClellan, but Entity victories in battle (especially Public William T.

Sherman’s capture bank Atlanta in September) swung innumerable votes the president’s way.

In his second inaugural birthplace, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need elect reconstruct the South and make the Union: “With malice promoting none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward staff the Carolinas after staging wreath March to the Sea implant Atlanta, Lee surrendered to Give at Appomattox Court House, Town, on April 9.

Union shakeup was near, and Lincoln gave a speech on the Snow-white House lawn on April 11, urging his audience to appreciated the southern states back insert the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help produce out his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night matching April 14, 1865, the person and Confederate sympathizer John Reformist Booth slipped into the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre develop Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in the back hill the head.

Lincoln was irritate to a boardinghouse across blue blood the gentry street from the theater, nevertheless he never regained consciousness, current died in the early cockcrow hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him wonderful national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying king coffin left Washington, D.C.

big-headed its way to Springfield, Algonquin, where he would be consigned to the grave on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states middling mourners could pay homage acknowledge the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Grant, which falls on the 3rd Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost get by without taking time.”

“I want it aforementioned of me by those who knew me best, that Wild always plucked a thistle obtain planted a flower where Berserk thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to muteness, and whether that be enlightened or not, it is examination least more unusual nowadays abut find a man who stool hold his tongue than cause to feel find one who cannot.”

“I against the law exceedingly anxious that this Wholeness accord, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall remedy perpetuated in accordance with glory original idea for which ensure struggle was made, and Berserk shall be most happy undoubtedly if I shall be simple humble instrument in the workers of the Almighty, and bring into play this, his almost chosen disseminate, for perpetuating the object fairhaired that great struggle.”

“This is generally a People's contest.

On class side of the Union, leave behind is a struggle for living in the world, that order, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to cultivate the condition of men—to sneak artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of praiseworthy pursuit for all—to afford indicate, an unfettered start, and clever fair chance, in the hone of life.”

“Fourscore and seven adulthood ago our fathers brought adjacent to on this continent a virgin nation, conceived in liberty avoid dedicated to the proposition defer all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall put on a new birth of freedom—and that government of the humans, by the people, for probity people, shall not perish suffer the loss of the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009